Q: Which are the key regulators of the complement system?
▶ C1 inhibitor:
inactivates the proteases that associate with recognition molecules of the classical and lectin pathways .
▶ Complement receptor type 1 (CR1) (also referred to as CD35):
is a membrane-bound
complement inhibitor that can facilitate C3b/C4b degradation.
▶C4bBP:
blocks the formation of C3 convertase in the classical pathway.
▶Membrane cofactor protein (MCP):
blocks C3 convertase in both classical and alternative
pathways.
▶Decay-accelerating factor(DAF):
is anchored on cell
membranes and promotes C3 convertase dissociation in both classical and alternative
pathways.
▶ Factor H:
is the main regulator of the activity of the alternative complement pathway.
Together with its splice variant factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1), it inhibits complement activation at the level of the central C3b molecule, thus also blocks the amplifcation loop and the terminal pathway.
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